en دیگر Others Research Article Research Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:200%"><span calibri=""><b><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" times="">Background: </span></span></b><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" times="">Endometriosis is a chronic disease that affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 8 weeks of swimming exercise and omega-3 supplementation on the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (<i>COX-2</i>) and prostaglandin E2 (<i>PGE2</i>) genes and serum levels of reproductive hormones in the endometrial tissue of a rat model of endometriosis.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:200%"><span calibri=""><b><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" times="">Methods: </span></span></b><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" times="">In this experimental study, 30 adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of healthy-control, patient-control, patient+exercise, patient+omega-3, and patient+omega-3+exercise groups. After the induction of endometriosis, the rats were subjected to 8 weeks of swimming exercise, 5 days a week as well as 2 ml/kg/body weight of omega-3. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test at the significance level of 0.05.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:200%"><span calibri=""><b><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" times="">Results: </span></span></b><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" times="">The expression of COX-2 and PGE2 as well as serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol levels were significantly higher in the patient group compared with the healthy-control group (<i>p</i>&le;0.0001). Exercise and omega-3 supplementation either separately or combined could significantly reduce the expression of both genes and serum levels of LH, FSH, and estradiol (<i>p</i><0.05). This effect was more profound in the patient+exercise+omega-3 group.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:200%"><span calibri=""><b><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" times="">Conclusion: </span></span></b><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" times="">The results of the present study indicate that regulating the expression of <i>COX-2</i> and <i>PGE2</i> genes as well as serum levels of reproductive hormones through swimming exercise and omega-3 supplementation can improve endometriosis.</span></span></span></span></span></span></div> Cyclooxygenase-2,Prostaglandin E2,Endometriosis,Exercise, 26 32 http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-233-9&slc_lang=en&sid=1 fatemeh rashidpour f.rashidpour@gmail.com 100319475328460031971 100319475328460031971 No Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran parvin farzanegi parvin.farzanegi@gmil.com 100319475328460031972 100319475328460031972 Yes Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, hajar abbaszadeh h.abaszade61@gmail.com 100319475328460031973 100319475328460031973 No Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran